POST-TOLERANCE ERA: REPOSITIONING RELIGIOUS HARMONY GOVERNANCE AMID DIGITAL IDENTITY POLARIZATION IN INDONESIA
Keywords:
Post-Tolerance Era, Religious Harmony Governance, Digital Identity Polarization, Collaborative Governance, Digital LiteracyAbstract
The transformation of the digital public sphere has reshaped interreligious interactions and intensified identity polarization, challenging conventional approaches based solely on tolerance and regulation. In plural societies such as Indonesia, these changes influence interfaith dialogue, religious discourse in digital spaces, and social relations among religious communities. The rise of algorithm-driven fragmentation, echo chambers, and the shift of legitimacy from institutional authority to digital influence reflects a significant transformation in religious harmony governance. This study examines how interfaith interaction is patterned within Indonesia's digital public sphere and how religious harmony governance can be repositioned in response to digital identity polarization. Using a descriptive-analytical qualitative approach centred on digital discourse analysis, the study examines 96 posts and 620 user comments collected from X, YouTube, and Facebook between July and December 2025. Data were examined through reduction, coding, discourse analysis, and thematic analysis to identify dominant narratives and meaning-making processes in online religious discussions. The findings indicate that religious harmony can no longer rely solely on stability-oriented approaches based on control and reactive mediation. Instead, it requires collaborative governance that promotes trust-building, digital literacy, and the active participation of multiple stakeholders, including government institutions, religious organizations, civil society, and digital platforms. Building on these findings, the study proposes the post-tolerance era as an analytical framework and develops the Adaptive Religious Harmony Governance model, in which formal tolerance alone is treated as insufficient to sustain social cohesion. Adaptive and participatory mechanisms are needed to respond to the dynamics of digital communication and strengthen constructive interfaith engagement.
Abstrak
Transformasi ruang publik digital telah merekonfigurasi pola interaksi antarumat beragama dan memunculkan polarisasi identitas yang tidak lagi dapat direspons secara memadai melalui pendekatan toleransi normatif dan regulasi administratif. Dalam masyarakat majemuk seperti Indonesia, dinamika ini memengaruhi kualitas interaksi lintas iman, baik dalam bentuk dialog antaragama, pertukaran wacana keagamaan di ruang digital, maupun relasi sosial antar komunitas keagamaan. Fragmentasi wacana berbasis algoritma, menguatnya echo chamber, serta pergeseran legitimasi dari otoritas institusional menuju resonansi digital menunjukkan adanya perubahan struktural dalam tata kelola kerukunan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pergeseran paradigma kerukunan antarumat beragama menuju apa yang disebut sebagai post-tolerance era serta merumuskan model reposisi tata kelola yang adaptif dalam menghadapi polarisasi identitas digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif-analitik dengan fokus pada analisis wacana digital terhadap 96 unggahan utama dan 620 komentar pengguna dari platform X, YouTube, dan Facebook yang dikumpulkan pada Juli-Desember 2025. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tahapan reduksi data, kodefikasi, analisis wacana digital (digital discourse analysis), serta analisis tematik untuk mengidentifikasi pola naratif dan konstruksi makna dalam diskursus keagamaan di ruang digital. Temuan penelitian menjelaskan bahwa kerukunan antarumat beragama tidak lagi dapat dipertahankan melalui model stabilitas berbasis kontrol dan mediasi reaktif semata, melainkan memerlukan governance kolaboratif berbasis jaringan yang menekankan trust-building, literasi digital, serta keterlibatan multi-aktor yang mencakup negara, institusi keagamaan lintas iman, organisasi masyarakat sipil, dan platform digital sebagai arena interaksi antaragama. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, penelitian ini merumuskan post-tolerance era merupakan fase transformasi konseptual dan mengembangkan model Adaptive Religious Harmony Governance, di mana toleransi formal tidak lagi cukup menjaga kohesi sosial dalam relasi lintas agama, tanpa mekanisme deliberatif yang adaptif terhadap struktur komunikasi digital dan mampu memfasilitasi dialog interfaith yang lebih partisipatif.
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